Marsilea - Marsileaceae

Marsilea ephippiocarpa Alston

Photo: BT. Wursten
Zimbabwe

Photo: BT. Wursten
Zimbabwe

Photo: P. Ballings
Zimbabwe

Photo: P. Ballings
Zimbabwe

Photo: BT. Wursten
Zimbabwe

Photo: P. Ballings
Zimbabwe

Photo: P. Ballings
Zimbabwe

Photo: P. Ballings
Zimbabwe

 

 

 

 

Synonyms

Common name

Description

Floating form: stipe up to 30 cm long, hairless; leaflets broadly obovate, outer margin entire to irregular, hairless, under surface often with thin dark streaks. Dry land form: fronds clustered, stipe up to c. 15 cm long, leaflets outer margins irregularly incised or wavy, hairless. Sporocarps: in compact clusters of 3-10 at the nodes, dark brown, 2-3.5 mm long, 2-4 mm high, 0.5-1.5 mm thick, saddle-shaped, upper side deeply concave, lower side rounded, lateral surfaces concave, oblong-elliptic in vertical cross-section; hairless when mature; lateral ribs not visible in mature specimens; lower tooth absent, upper tooth present, acute; pedicels adnate, a peduncle-like base branching dichotomously, peduncle up to 6mm, arising from the axil or the base of the stipe.

Notes

Recognizable by its large number of sporocarps arranged in tight clusters

Derivation

ephippiocarpa: "saddle-shaped fruit", referring to the lateral view of the sporocarp.

Habitat

Seasonally flooded areas, lake edges, streams and pans, or streams that dry up in the dry season.

Distribution worldwide

See African distribution.

Distribution in Africa

Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Growth form

Aquatic, terrestrial.

Literature

  • Burrows, J.E. (1990) Southern African Ferns and Fern Allies. Frandsen, Sandton. Page 70. (Includes a picture).
  • Crouch, N.R., Klopper, R.R., Burrows, J.E. & Burrows, S.M. (2011) Ferns of Southern Africa, A comprehensive guide. Struik Nature. Pages 236 - 237. (Includes a picture).
  • Jacobsen, W.B.G. (1983) The Ferns and Fern Allies of Southern Africa. Butterworths, Durban and Pretoria. Pages 478 - 479. (Includes a picture).
  • Kornas, J. (1979) Distribution and ecology of the Pteridophytes in Zambia. Polska Akademia Nauk Wydzial II Nauk Biologicznych. Pages 120 - 121.
  • Roux, J.P. (2009) Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighbouring islands. Strelitzia 23, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. Page 56.
  • Roux, J.P. (2001) Conspectus of Southern African Pteridophyta.Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report, 13 Page 175.
  • Schelpe, E.A.C.L.E. (1970) Pteridophyta.Flora Zambesiaca, 0 Page 62. (Includes a picture).
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