Pleopeltis - Polypodiaceae

Pleopeltis macrocarpa (Bory ex Willd.) Kaulf.

Photo: BT. Wursten
Zimbabwe

Photo: P. Ballings
Zimbabwe

Photo: P. Ballings
Mozambique

Photo: P. Ballings
Mozambique

Photo: BT. Wursten
Zimbabwe

Photo: P. Ballings
Zimbabwe

 

 

 

 

Synonyms

Polypodium lanceolatum L.
Polypodium lepidotum Willd. ex Schltdl.
Polypodium adspersum Schrad.
Pleopeltis ensifolia Carmich. ex Hook
Polypodium macrocarpum Bory ex Willd.
Pleopeltis lanceolata Kaulf.
Drynaria macrocarpa (Willd.) Fée

Common name

Description

Rhizome widely creeping, slender, ± 2 mm in diameter; rhizome scales lanceolate to ovate, peltate, brown with a darker central stripe and pale, lacerate margins, 2-3 mm long. Fronds spaced apart (up to 2.5 cm), simple, fleshy. Stipe up to 8 cm long, grey-brown, winged in the upper part, articulated to the rhizome, with a few scales with dark centre when young, becoming glabrous with age. Lamina evergreen, narrowly elliptic or linear-lanceolate in outline, gradually tapering towards base and apex, margins entire to weakly wavy, less often slightly to distinctly pinnatifid, up to 20 × 1.7 cm; upper surface subglabrous, lower surface with several circular to lanceolate, peltate scales under 1 mm long, with dark centre and jagged margins. Sori round to oval, up to 5 mm in diameter, placed in 2 rows between costa and margin in the upper third to half of the lamina, exindusiate, covered with scale-like paraphyses when young.

Notes

Can be distinguished from Lepisorus schraderi and L. excavatus by the prominent scales set on the undersurface of the lamina. Microgramma mauritiana has sori set on the lower part of the lamina (not the upper) and is glabrous.

Derivation

makros: large, karpon: fruit; referring to the large sori.

Habitat

Moist coastal, riverine and montane forest or in moist woodland and scrub, moderately to deeply shaded.

Distribution worldwide

Africa, tropical and S America, Hawaii, India, Réunion, Madagascar, Mascarene Is., St. Helena, Juan Fernandez and Tristan da Cunha.

Distribution in Africa

Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Dem. Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea (incl. Bioko), Ethiopia, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania , Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Growth form

Epiphytic, lithophytic.

Literature

  • Burrows, J.E. (1990) Southern African Ferns and Fern Allies. Frandsen, Sandton. Pages 195 - 196. (Includes a picture).
  • Crouch, N.R., Klopper, R.R., Burrows, J.E. & Burrows, S.M. (2011) Ferns of Southern Africa, A comprehensive guide. Struik Nature. Pages 568 - 569. (Includes a picture).
  • Jacobsen, W.B.G. (1983) The Ferns and Fern Allies of Southern Africa. Butterworths, Durban and Pretoria. Pages 309 - 310. (Includes a picture).
  • Kornas, J. (1979) Distribution and ecology of the Pteridophytes in Zambia. Polska Akademia Nauk Wydzial II Nauk Biologicznych. Page 78.
  • Roux, J.P. (2001) Conspectus of Southern African Pteridophyta.Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report, 13 Page 105. (Includes a picture).
  • Roux, J.P. (2009) Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighbouring islands. Strelitzia 23, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. Page 163.
  • Schelpe, E.A.C.L.E. (1970) Pteridophyta.Flora Zambesiaca, 0 Pages 152 - 153. (Includes a picture).
  • Tardieu-Blot, M.-L. (1964) Ptéridophytes vol.3.Flore du Cameroun, Page 347. (Includes a picture).
  • Verdcourt, B. (2001) Polypodiaceae.Flora of Tropical East Africa, Pages 26 - 29. (Includes a picture).
  •